Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal,9780321078414

Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal

by ;
Edition: 4th
ISBN13: 9780321078414
ISBN10: 0321078411
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2001-06-01
Publisher(s): Taylor & Francis
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Summary

"The aggressively revised new edition of this best-seller provides a clear, concise, and comprehensive introduction to the ideas and ideals that shake and shape our political world." Written with the firm belief that ideology is the driving force of nation-states, history, and politics, this innovative text covers the range of contemporary political ideologies, from the standard categories of liberalism, conservatism, and socialism to newly emerging ideological alternatives. "Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal "provides an accessible overview of the origin and development of these ideologies, and illustrates how each interprets democracy and freedom.

Table of Contents

Preface xiii
To the Reader xv
About the Authors xvi
PART ONE Ideology and Democracy 1(42)
Ideology and Ideologies
3(16)
A Working Definition of ``Ideology''
5(4)
Human Nature and Freedom
9(4)
Human Nature
10(1)
Freedom
10(3)
Ideology and Revolution
13(1)
Nationalism and Anarchism
14(3)
Nationalism
14(2)
Anarchism
16(1)
Conclusion
17(1)
Notes
17(1)
For Further Reading
17(2)
The Democratic Ideal
19(24)
The Origins of Democracy
20(4)
Democracy and Republic
24(6)
The Republic and Mixed Government
24(1)
Christianity and Democracy
25(2)
Renaissance and Republicanism
27(3)
The Atlantic Republican Tradition
30(1)
The Return of Democracy
30(6)
Seventeenth-Century Democrats
31(1)
The United States as Democratic Republic
32(2)
De Tocqueville on Democracy
34(2)
The Growth of Democracy
36(1)
Democracy as an Ideal
37(2)
Three Conceptions of Democracy
39(1)
Conclusion
40(1)
Notes
41(1)
For Further Reading
41(2)
PART TWO The Development of Political Ideologies 43(162)
Liberalism
45(42)
Liberalism, Human Nature, and Freedom
46(1)
Historical Background
47(5)
Medieval Origins
47(3)
The Protestant Reformation
50(2)
Liberalism and Revolution
52(10)
England
52(5)
The American Revolution
57(2)
The French Revolution
59(3)
Liberalism and Capitalism
62(4)
Liberalism in the Nineteenth Century
66(4)
Utilitarianism
67(3)
Liberalism Divided
70(4)
Neoclassical Liberalism
71(1)
Welfare Liberalism
72(2)
Liberalism in the Twentieth Century
74(4)
Historical Developments
74(2)
Philosophical Considerations
76(2)
Liberatarian Anarchism
78(1)
Liberalism Today
78(3)
Conclusion
81(4)
Liberalism as an Ideology
81(2)
Liberalism and the Democratic Ideal
83(2)
Notes
85
For Further Reading
84(3)
Conservatism
87(28)
The Politics of Imperfection
88(1)
The Conservatism of Edmund Burke
89(7)
Human Nature and Society
90(1)
Freedom
91(1)
Revolution and Reform
92(1)
Burke on Government
93(2)
Burke's Legacy
95(1)
Conservatism in the Nineteenth Century
96(5)
Conservatism and Reaction
96(2)
Cultural Conservatism
98(1)
Tory Democracy
98(1)
Conservatism in the United States
99(2)
Conservatism in the Twentieth Century
101(4)
Conservatism Versus Mass Society
101(2)
Levelling
103(1)
Conservatives and Communism
104(1)
Conservatism Today: A House Divided
105(5)
Traditional Conservatism
106(1)
Individualist Conservatism
106(1)
Neoconservatism
107(2)
The Religious Right
109(1)
Conclusion
110(2)
Conservatism as an Ideology
111(1)
Conservatism and Democracy
111(1)
Notes
112(1)
For Further Reading
112(3)
Socialism and Communism: More to Marx
115(26)
Human Nature and Freedom
116(1)
Socialism: The Precursors
117(5)
Saint-Simon
119(1)
Fourier
120(1)
Owen
121(1)
The Socialism of Karl Marx
122(16)
The Young Marx
122(2)
The Influence of Hegel
124(2)
Marx's Theory of History
126(3)
Marx's Critique of Capitalism
129(4)
The Dialectic of Change
133(1)
The Revolutionary Sequence
134(4)
Notes
138
Further Reading
137(4)
Socialism and Communism After Marx
141(36)
Marxism After Marx
142(20)
Engels's Marxism
142(4)
The Revisionists
146(3)
Soviet Marxism-Leninism
149(9)
Chinese Communism
158(4)
Non-Marxist Socialism
162(5)
Anarcho-Communism
162(2)
Fabian Socialism
164(1)
American Socialism
165(2)
Socialism Today
167(4)
Conclusion
171(2)
Socialism as an Ideology
171(1)
Socialism and the Democratic Ideal
172(1)
Notes
173(1)
For Further Reading
173(4)
Fascism
177(28)
Fascism: The Background
178(6)
The Counter-Enlightenment
179(1)
Nationalism
180(2)
Elitism
182(1)
Irrationalism
183(1)
Fascism in Italy
184(5)
Mussolini and Italian Fascism
185(2)
Fascism in Theory and Practice
187(2)
Fascism in Germany: Nazism
189(7)
Hitler and Nazism
189(3)
Nazism in Theory and Practice
192(4)
Fascism Elsewhere
196(2)
Fascism Today
198(3)
Conclusion
201(2)
Fascism as an Ideology
201(1)
Fascism and the Democratic Ideal
202(1)
Notes
203
For Further Reading
202(3)
PART THREE Political Ideologies Today and Tomorrow 205(62)
Liberation Ideologies and the Politics of Identity
207(30)
Liberation Ideologies: Common Characteristics
207(2)
Black Liberation
209(4)
Women's Liberation (Feminism)
213(4)
Gay Liberation
217(3)
Native People's Liberation
220(3)
Liberation Theology
223(2)
Animal Liberation
225(4)
Conclusion
229(4)
Liberty, Identity, and Ideology
229(1)
Liberation, Identity and the Democratic Ideal
230(3)
Notes
233
For Further Reading
231(6)
``Green'' Politics: Ecology as Ideology
237(16)
The Green Critique of Other Ideologies
238(2)
Toward an Ecological Ethic
240(4)
Unresolved Differences
244(5)
Conclusion
249(2)
Ecology as Ideology
249(1)
Ecology, Freedom, and the Democratic Ideal
250(1)
Notes
251
For Further Reading
250(3)
Postscript: The Future of Ideology
253(14)
Political Ideologies: Continuing Forces
254(5)
Nationalism and Ideology
255(1)
Religion and Ideology
256(3)
Ideology and the Environment
259(1)
Political Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal
260(2)
The End of Ideology?
262(3)
Notes
265(2)
Glossary 267(8)
Photo Acknowledgments 275(2)
Name Index 277(2)
Subject Index 279

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