| Acknowledgments |  | ix |  | 
| Introduction |  | xi |  | 
| On Building Bridges |  | xi |  | 
| Working with the Body Does Not Require Touch |  | xiv |  | 
| The False Memory Controversy |  | xiv |  | 
| Organization of This Book |  | xv |  | 
| A Disclaimer |  | xv |  | 
| PART I: THEORY |  | 
| 
|  | Overview of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): The Impact of Trauma on Body and Mind |  |  | 3 | (12) | 
| 
|  | Charlie and the Dog, Part I |  |  | 4 | (2) | 
| 
|  | The Symptomatology of PTSD |  |  | 6 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Distinguishing Stress, Traumatic Stress, PTS, and PTSD |  |  | 7 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Survival and the Nervous System |  |  | 8 | (4) | 
| 
|  | Defensive Response to Remembered Threat |  |  | 12 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Dissociation, Freezing, and PTSD |  |  | 13 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Consequences of Trauma and PTSD |  |  | 13 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Development, Memory, and the Brain |  |  | 15 | (22) | 
|  |  | 16 | (10) | 
|  |  | 26 | (11) | 
| 
|  | The Body Remembers: Understanding Somatic Memory |  |  | 37 | (28) | 
| 
|  | The Sensory Roots of Memory |  |  | 38 | (7) | 
| 
|  | Charlie and the Dog, Part II |  |  | 45 | (1) | 
| 
|  | The Autonomic Nervous System: Hyperarousal and the Reflexes of Fight, Flight, and Freeze |  |  | 46 | (4) | 
| 
|  | The Somatic Nervous System: Muscles, Movement, and Kinesthetic Memory |  |  | 50 | (6) | 
|  |  | 56 | (9) | 
| 
|  | Expressions of Trauma Not Yet Remembered: Dissociation and Flashbacks |  |  | 65 | (12) | 
| 
|  | Dissociation and the Body |  |  | 66 | (4) | 
|  |  | 70 | (7) | 
| PART II: PRACTICE |  | 
|  |  | 77 | (23) | 
| 
|  | On Braking and Accelerating |  |  | 78 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Evaluation and Assessment |  |  | 80 | (2) | 
| 
|  | The Role of the Therapeutic Relationship in Trauma Therapy |  |  | 82 | (5) | 
|  |  | 87 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Developing and Reacquainting Resources |  |  | 88 | (4) | 
| 
|  | Oases, Anchors, and the Safe Place |  |  | 92 | (4) | 
|  |  | 96 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Respecting Individual Differences |  |  | 98 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Ten Foundations for Safe Trauma Therapy |  |  | 98 | (2) | 
|  |  | 100 | (29) | 
|  |  | 100 | (6) | 
| 
|  | Making Friends with Sensations |  |  | 106 | (1) | 
|  |  | 107 | (2) | 
|  |  | 109 | (6) | 
|  |  | 115 | (1) | 
| 
|  | The Body as Diary: Making Sense of Sensations |  |  | 116 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Somatic Memory as Resource |  |  | 118 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Facilitating Trauma Therapy Using the Body as Resource |  |  | 120 | (9) | 
| 
|  | Additional Somatic Techniques for Safer Trauma Therapy |  |  | 129 | (21) | 
|  |  | 129 | (6) | 
| 
|  | Muscle Toning: Tension vs. Relaxation |  |  | 135 | (5) | 
|  |  | 140 | (7) | 
| 
|  | The Question of Client-Therapist Touch |  |  | 147 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Mitigating Session Closure |  |  | 148 | (2) | 
| 
|  | Somatic Memory Becomes Personal History |  |  | 150 | (24) | 
|  |  | 151 | (4) | 
| 
|  | Separating Past from Present |  |  | 155 | (1) | 
| 
|  | Working with the Aftermath of the Trauma First |  |  | 156 | (4) | 
| 
|  | Bridging the Implicit and the Explicit |  |  | 160 | (11) | 
| 
|  | Charlie and the Dog, the Final Episode |  |  | 171 | (3) | 
| References |  | 174 | (6) | 
| Index |  | 180 |  |