| Preface |
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xi | |
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Introduction: the EMC needs of systems |
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1 | (12) |
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The definition of electromagnetic compatibility |
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2 | (6) |
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A description of EMC phenomena |
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3 | (5) |
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8 | (5) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (2) |
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The EMC Directive's requirements for systems and installations |
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13 | (30) |
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Introduction to the EMC Directive |
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13 | (7) |
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14 | (3) |
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Other CE marking directives |
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17 | (1) |
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The meaning of the CE Mark |
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18 | (2) |
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Applicability to systems and installations |
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20 | (9) |
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20 | (6) |
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Definitions of systems and installations |
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26 | (1) |
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The ``responsible person'' |
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27 | (1) |
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The ``instructions for use'' |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (9) |
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Self certification to standards |
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29 | (2) |
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Using the Technical Construction File |
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31 | (3) |
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34 | (3) |
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The ``Procedural Approach'' to compliance |
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37 | (1) |
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Enforcement and the future of the EMC Directive |
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38 | (5) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (2) |
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40 | (3) |
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Management of systems EMC |
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43 | (24) |
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43 | (6) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (3) |
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Identifying and sourcing critical parts |
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47 | (1) |
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Control of assembly and installation |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (3) |
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Defining the configuration to be tested |
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49 | (1) |
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Defining the tests to be done |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (1) |
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Documentation for in-house use |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (10) |
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Determining the EMC specifications for an incorporated item |
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53 | (3) |
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Checking suppliers' evidence of EMC performance |
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56 | (6) |
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Maintenance, upgrades and enhancements |
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62 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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The relevance of upgrades or enhancements |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (3) |
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Training and awareness check list |
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64 | (3) |
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Interference sources, victims and coupling |
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67 | (34) |
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Phenomena in the electromagnetic environment |
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67 | (11) |
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Examples of radiated field threats |
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76 | (1) |
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Continuous radiated threats from radio transmitters |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (14) |
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78 | (3) |
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Near field (inductive and capacitive) coupling |
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81 | (3) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (3) |
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92 | (4) |
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Their causes and problems |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (5) |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (32) |
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The concept and practice of earth |
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101 | (11) |
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The purposes of the earth connection |
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101 | (2) |
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Definitions of the EMC earth |
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103 | (3) |
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106 | (6) |
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The impedance of the earth connection |
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112 | (11) |
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112 | (3) |
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Effective bonding of joints |
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115 | (8) |
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Creating the meshed facility earth |
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123 | (10) |
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Constructing SRPPs and bonding mats for system blocks |
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123 | (3) |
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Improving the earth-bonding of older buildings |
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126 | (5) |
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Maintaining earth-bonding networks |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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Cabinets, cubicles and chambers |
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133 | (22) |
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The purpose of a metallic enclosure |
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133 | (4) |
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Transfer impedance of the earth reference |
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133 | (1) |
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Layout and placement within the enclosure |
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134 | (3) |
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137 | (7) |
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137 | (4) |
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The effect of apertures, seams and penetrations |
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141 | (3) |
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144 | (7) |
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Bonding structural components |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (6) |
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Installation and maintenance of screened enclosures |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (4) |
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152 | (3) |
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155 | (38) |
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Coupling to, from and within cables |
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155 | (9) |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (4) |
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163 | (1) |
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Cable screening techniques |
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164 | (11) |
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Options for cable screening |
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164 | (2) |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (3) |
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171 | (4) |
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175 | (4) |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (14) |
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179 | (5) |
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184 | (4) |
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Parallel Earth Conductor (PEC) techniques |
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188 | (5) |
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193 | (18) |
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Attenuating noise at the interfaces |
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193 | (7) |
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193 | (1) |
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Differential versus common mode in filters |
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194 | (1) |
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Source and load impedances |
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195 | (2) |
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197 | (3) |
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200 | (5) |
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The operation of standard mains filters |
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201 | (1) |
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Extending the performance of standard filters |
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202 | (3) |
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205 | (6) |
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Filtered connector adaptors |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (4) |
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Lightning and surge protection |
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211 | (24) |
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The EMC problems of lightning |
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211 | (3) |
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How lightning phenomena can affect electronic apparatus |
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211 | (2) |
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Overview of design of a lightning protection system (LPS) |
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213 | (1) |
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Basic LPS design for safety and structural protection |
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214 | (6) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (4) |
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Bonding external cables and metallic services to earth |
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219 | (1) |
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Additional LPS measures to protect electronic apparatus |
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220 | (15) |
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Enhancing the LPS structure |
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221 | (1) |
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Protection of exposed equipment |
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221 | (1) |
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Enhanced earthing and bonding |
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222 | (3) |
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Cable routing and screen bonding |
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225 | (1) |
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Use of isolation techniques and fibre-optics |
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226 | (1) |
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Zoning and surge protection |
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226 | (7) |
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Protecting from non-lightning surges |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (40) |
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235 | (22) |
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CISPR instrumentation and transducers |
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235 | (11) |
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246 | (3) |
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249 | (4) |
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Practical aspects of in-situ emissions tests |
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253 | (4) |
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257 | (18) |
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Practical aspects of immunity tests |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (4) |
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Electrical fast transient bursts |
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261 | (3) |
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264 | (2) |
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Radiated and conducted RF |
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266 | (9) |
| Appendix A Systems EMC procedures checklist |
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275 | (4) |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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User and Installation Manuals |
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276 | (1) |
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Installation, commissioning, service |
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277 | (2) |
| Appendix B Determining performance criteria |
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279 | (6) |
| Appendix C Some published case studies |
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285 | (8) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (3) |
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VDU image problems in a steel rolling mill |
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289 | (1) |
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Large explosion at the Texaco Refinery, Milford Haven, July 1994 |
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290 | (1) |
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Wide area interference created by large inverter drives |
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291 | (1) |
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Release of chlorine gas in semiconductor processing plant |
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292 | (1) |
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Traction current interference to safety circuits |
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292 | (1) |
| Appendix D The EU and EEA countries |
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293 | (2) |
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293 | (1) |
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The European Economic Area |
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293 | (2) |
| Glossary |
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295 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
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297 | (10) |
| Index |
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307 | |
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