Preface to 2011 Supplement to the Lobbying Manual (4th Ed.) | p. ix |
Foreword to the 2011 Supplement | p. xi |
About the Editors | p. xv |
About the Authors | p. xvii |
A Note on the Resource CD and Web-Updating | p. xxiii |
Update: The Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995: Scope of Coverage | p. 1 |
Scope of LDA Coverage: In General | p. 1 |
Definition of "Lobbying Contact": In General | p. 1 |
Excepted Communications to Covered Officials | p. 1 |
Update: Registration, Quarterly Reporting, and Related Requirements | p. 3 |
Registration: Form LD-1 (Line-by-Line Instructions) | p. 4 |
Quarterly Report and Form LD-1 Update: Form LD-2 | p. 4 |
Line-by-Line Instructions for Form LD-2 | p. 4 |
Content of Quarterly Report | p. 4 |
Update to Form LD-1 | p. 7 |
Update: Semiannual Reports on Contributions and Disbursements by Registrants and Lobbyists: William V. Luneburg | p. 9 |
Who Must File? | p. 9 |
What Must Be Reported? | p. 10 |
Contributions and Disbursements | p. 10 |
FECA Contributions | p. 10 |
Honorary Expenses | p. 11 |
Meeting Expenses | p. 11 |
Examples of Reportable Contributions and Disbursements | p. 11 |
Update: Administration and Enforcement of the LDA and Miscellaneous Lobbying Restrictions | p. 13 |
Enforcement | p. 14 |
The Third and Fourth GAO Audits (2010-2011) | p. 14 |
Violations Related to Compliance with Congressional Gift and Travel Rules | p. 15 |
Lobbying Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 | p. 15 |
Oral Communications to Agency Officials (Whether or Not "Covered Officials" Under the LDA) | p. 16 |
Permitted Oral Communications from Anyone Outside the Government (Including Lobbyists) | p. 16 |
Prohibited Oral Communications from Anyone Outside the Government (Even If Not an LDA-Registered Lobbyist) | p. 16 |
Posted (On the Internet) Oral Communications from LDA-Registered Lobbyists | p. 18 |
Written Communications to Agency Officials (Whether or Not "Covered Officials" Within the Meaning of the LDA) from LDA-Registered Lobbyists | p. 19 |
Permitted Written Communications from LDA-Registered Lobbyists | p. 19 |
Posted (On the Internet) Written Communications from LDA-Registered Lobbyists | p. 19 |
Lobbying Under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 | p. 20 |
Oral Communications Ban | p. 20 |
Subject Matter | p. 20 |
The Time Limit on the Oral Communications Ban | p. 20 |
Scope of the Ban in Terms of Policy Discussions | p. 20 |
Exceptions to the Oral Communications Ban | p. 20 |
Posting of Written Communications on Agency Internet Site | p. 20 |
Lobbyists' Service on Federal Advisory Boards and Commissions | p. 21 |
Background | p. 21 |
OMB Guidance | p. 22 |
Update: Constitutional Issues Raised by the Lobbying Disclosure Act | p. 25 |
The LDA and First Amendment Political Freedoms | p. 25 |
Update: Foreign Agents Registration Act | p. 27 |
Exemptions | p. 27 |
Registration Under the LDA | p. 27 |
Update: Federal Campaign Finance Law: A Primer for the Lobbyist | p. 29 |
Introduction | p. 31 |
Contributions | p. 31 |
Basic Federal Contribution Limits and Prohibitions | p. 31 |
Individuals | p. 31 |
Corporations and Unions | p. 32 |
Nonfederal Political Campaign Contributions | p. 33 |
Contributions by Individuals, Corporations, and Unions | p. 33 |
Foreign Nationals, Federally Chartered Corporations, and National Banks | p. 35 |
| p. 36 |
Cash Contributions | p. 36 |
Contributions by Federal Contractors | p. 37 |
Fund-raising on Federal Property | p. 37 |
Earmarked Contributions (or "Bundling") | p. 37 |
Disclosure Rules for "Conduits" Who Raise "Earmarked" Contributions | p. 37 |
Disclosure of Contributions "Bundled" by Federal Lobbyists | p. 38 |
In-Kind Contributions | p. 41 |
Volunteer Activity | p. 42 |
Prohibitions on the Use of Corporate or Union Resources or Facilities for Federal Campaign Fund-raising | p. 43 |
Use of Corporate or Union Facilities or Resources to Produce Campaign Materials in Coordination with a Candidate | p. 44 |
Providing Noncommercial Transportation to Individuals Traveling on Behalf of Federal Candidates or Political Committees | p. 44 |
Federal Election Campaign Expenditures | p. 46 |
Independent Spending | p. 46 |
Corporations and Unions | p. 46 |
Individuals and Federal PACs | p. 47 |
"Coordinated" Spending | p. 49 |
Corporate and Union Communications Directed to Restricted Classes | p. 49 |
Public Communications by Corporations, Unions, Individuals, and Federal PACs | p. 50 |
Corporate and Union Federal PACs | p. 52 |
Establishing a Corporate or Union PAC | p. 52 |
Contributions to a Corporate or Union PAC | p. 53 |
SoHcitation of Contributions to Corporate and Union PACs | p. 53 |
Voluntary Contributions | p. 54 |
Solicitable Class | p. 54 |
Recordkeeping and Reporting | p. 55 |
Restrictions on Appointees Imposed by Executive Order 13,490 | p. 69 |
Introduction | p. 69 |
Who Must Sign the Ethics Pledge | p. 70 |
What Is Restricted or Prohibited by the Ethics Pledge | p. 70 |
Restrictions on Accepting Gifts from Lobbyists | p. 70 |
Restrictions on Participating in Matters Related to Former Employer or Clients | p. 71 |
Restrictions on Former Lobbyists Entering Government | p. 73 |
Post-Employment Restrictions | p. 75 |
Commitment Regarding Employment Decisions | p. 75 |
Waivers Authorized by the Executive Order | p. 75 |
Enforcement of the Ethics Pledge | p. 76 |
Reports Required by the Executive Order | p. 76 |
Skilling and the Demise of the Crime of Honest Services Fraud | p. 83 |
Introduction | p. 83 |
McNally v. United States and the Development of the Intangible Right of Honest Services | p. 83 |
Skilling v. United States | p. 84 |
Black v. United States | p. 85 |
Looking Ahead | p. 85 |
Update: The Structure and Organization of Congress and the Practice of Lobbying | p. 91 |
Earmarks | p. 91 |
Update: Lobbyists and Election Law: The New Challenge | p. 95 |
Contributions by Individual Lobbyists | p. 95 |
Restrictions on Contributions by Lobbyists | p. 95 |
State Laws | p. 95 |
Fund-Raising for Federal Candidates | p. 96 |
Avoiding Impermissible Use of Corporate Resources | p. 96 |
Fund-Raising Events | p. 96 |
Disclosure of Payments of Costs for Fund-Raising Events | p. 96 |
Practical Perspectives on the Practice of Lobbying | p. 99 |
Lobbying Is an Honorable Profession | p. 99 |
Criticism of Lobbyists: Fact or Fiction? | p. 101 |
Beyond the Rhetoric | p. 102 |
Recent Changes in Lobbying Rules | p. 103 |
Other Changes Worth Considering | p. 103 |
The Ten Commandments of Effective Lobbying | p. 105 |
Looking Ahead | p. 109 |
Conclusion | p. 111 |
Lobbying and the Antitrust Laws | p. 119 |
Introduction | p. 119 |
The Noerr-Pennington Doctrine Defined | p. 120 |
Limitations to Noerr-Pennington | p. 121 |
The Sham Exception | p. 122 |
The Misrepresentation Exception | p. 122 |
The Pattern Exception | p. 122 |
Scope of Protected Activity | p. 123 |
Petitioning | p. 123 |
Ministerial Government Acts | p. 124 |
Commercial Government Acts | p. 124 |
Lobbying Foreign Governments | p. 125 |
Lobbying Activity and Its Use in Antitrust Litigation | p. 125 |
Practical Tips for Lobbyists | p. 126 |
Introduction to Part V Comparative Perspectives | p. 131 |
Lobbying and Lobbyist Registration in Canada | p. 133 |
Introduction | p. 134 |
History of Lobbyist Registration in Canada | p. 134 |
The Lobbying Act | p. 135 |
Sources of Interpretation of the Lobbying Act | p. 135 |
Scope of the Lobbying Act | p. 136 |
Types of Public Office Holders | p. 137 |
Communications | p. 137 |
Excluded Communications | p. 137 |
Restriction on Lobbying Activities | p. 138 |
Offenses | p. 139 |
Investigations | p. 139 |
Consultant Lobbyists | p. 140 |
Registration Requirement | p. 141 |
Time Limit for Filing Return | p. 142 |
Contents of a Return | p. 142 |
Monthly Reports | p. 143 |
Contingency Fees | p. 144 |
In-House Lobbyists | p. 144 |
"Significant Part" Test | p. 144 |
Registerable Communications | p. 145 |
Time Limit for Filing Return | p. 146 |
Contents of Return | p. 146 |
Employees to Be Named | p. 147 |
Monthly Reports | p. 147 |
Boards of Directors | p. 148 |
LobbyistsÆ Code of Conduct | p. 148 |
Principles | p. 148 |
Rules | p. 149 |
Interpretation and Application of Rule 8 | p. 149 |
Provincial Lobbying Regimes | p. 151 |
Newfoundland & Labrador | p. 152 |
Nova Scotia | p. 153 |
New Brunswick | p. 153 |
Quebec | p. 153 |
Ontario | p. 154 |
City of Toronto | p. 154 |
Manitoba | p. 154 |
Alberta | p. 154 |
British Columbia | p. 155 |
Conclusion | p. 155 |
The Regulation of Lobbying in Europe | p. 159 |
Overview | p. 159 |
Brussels: The Reluctant Force Behind Lobbying Regulation | p. 160 |
National Lobbying Laws in Europe | p. 162 |
Germany | p. 163 |
Hungary | p. 163 |
Georgia | p. 164 |
Lithuania | p. 164 |
Poland | p. 165 |
France | p. 166 |
Macedonia | p. 166 |
Concerted Effort at Self-Regulation | p. 167 |
The Impetus for Further Lobbying Reform in Europe | p. 168 |
Appendix B-4A | p. 173 |
Table of Cases | p. 201 |
Index | p. 205 |
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